Valium,Restoril, etc. Be careful, especially elderly
Valium,Restoril, etc. Be careful, especially elderly
Elderly
Adverse effects of benzodiazepines are increased in the elderly. Adverse effects on cognition can be mistaken for the effects of old age.[82]The benefits of benzodiazepines are least and the risks are the greatest in the elderly.[83] The elderly are at an increased risk of dependence and are more sensitive to the adverse effects such as memory problems, daytime sedation, impaired motor coordination and increased risk of motor vehicle accidents and falls.[84] The long-term effects of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine dependence in the elderly can resemble dementia, depression or anxiety syndromes and progressively worsens over time. Adverse effects on cognition can be mistaken for the effects of old age. The success of gradual-tapering benzodiazepines is as great in the elderly as in younger people. Benzodiazepines should be prescribed to the elderly only with caution and only for a short period at low doses. The short-acting drugs, such as oxazepam, alprazolam and triazolam, have been recommended in such cases.[82]
Long-term use of benzodiazepines has been associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment, but its relationship with dementia remains inconclusive.[85] The association of a past history of benzodiazepine use and cognitive decline is unclear, with some studies reporting a lower risk of cognitive decline in former users, some finding no association and some indicating an increased risk of cognitive decline.[86]
Benzodiazepines are sometimes prescribed to treat behavioral symptoms of dementia. However, similarly to antidepressants they have little evidence of effectiveness, although antipsychotics have shown some benefit.[87][88] Cognitive impairing effects of benzodiazepines which occur frequently in the elderly can also worsen dementia.[89